Hi there again.

Probably, you’ve lost your root password at least one time in your life (yea, you are not the only one )… There’s no problem, I’m gonna show you a easy way to fix it.

• For Debian (Using GRUB, anyway, this will work in any boot loader)

1. In the line where is our Debian installation, press “e”
2. Now a kind of editor will be opened. Type the following command after the current commands: “init=/bin/bash”
3. Press enter
4. Now you would be back in the first step. Just press de “b” key, to boot the system with the new parameters
5. Now the system prompt would be a root session. But if you try to use “passwd” command, the system will deny the operation. To fix this, type “mount -o remount,rw /dev/[your_drive]“. Usally your drive will be sda1, hda1 or similar.
6. Now use the passwd root command to change.
7. Reboot and your computer and use your new root password

• For FreeBSD

1. In the boot menu, choose the option 4 “FreeBSD in single mode user”
2. Now a message like “Enter fill pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh” will be shown. Just press ENTER
3. The next step is typing “mount -t ufs -a“. This will mount every file system found in /etc/fstab
4. Now just use the passwd root command
5. Reboot the system

I followed these steps to add the QUOTA module in the kernel. Moreover, the new kernel will has the generic freebsd kernel options.

First, log in the system as root and type the following commands

• cd /sys/i386/conf
• vi QUOTAS_SUPPORT        You can write the file name you want
• In the file type:

include GENERIC
options QUOTA

• config CUOTAS_SUPPORT         Be sure that you type the file name you typed
• cd ../compile/CUOTAS_SUPPORT
• make cleandepend && make depend && make && make install

That’s all. You can also edit the /sys/i386/GENERIC or DEFAULTS file, but it is highly not recommended because you would lost the default kernel configuration.

I’ve found a great report about this BSD based security distros. Enjoy it

 http://www.bsdcan.org/2006/papers/BSD_Firewalling.pdf